by Bob Kenny
Sometimes, ethical dilemmas come in
small packages, no bigger than the size of a shoebox. As
a parent I sometimes wonder: How do I engage my son in discussions
on ethical issues without imposing my values, yet prepare
him to recognize and make ethical decisions on his own?
Let me give you an uncomfortable example.
Earlier this year my then-thirteen-year old
son, David, led me around the mall on a quest for a pair
of athletic shoes that he wanted. When I saw the brand name
and the excitement on his face (not to mention the $110
price tag), my heart sank. I had been reading about the
labor practices of that particular shoe manufacturer and
told David that I was not keen on buying shoes made by a
company that reportedly exploits children for cheap labor.
I knew from research I had done that there are shoe manufacturing
companies that do not exploit children—but David did
not want any of those companies' shoes. So he took
me into all the stores, comparing shoe prices, even though
I had told him that my main concern wasn't about the
cost. He really wanted those shoes and, like so many parents,
I wanted to give my son what he wanted. As we walked around
the mall, I became increasingly upset by the possibility
that someone else's son, on the other side of the
world, might be working in horrible conditions to produce
those shoes for my son. By the time we arrived at the last
store, I began to express my frustrations to the clerk.
I asked him if other parents were voicing similar concerns.
The clerk said no. At that point, David stormed out of the
store in full adolescent anger. He had had enough of me
embarrassing him. In the car, he angrily claimed that I
was being cheap and simply did not want to buy him shoes.
That was not true. I wanted him to have the shoes he wanted—but
I also wanted to do the right thing. I was not sure that
buying shoes from a company that was exploiting children
was the right thing to do. For me, it was an everyday ethical
dilemma of how to use my money.
David and I resolved the dilemma the best
way we knew how. We bought the shoes, did some research
on the Internet, and then made a donation to an international
organization that addresses the root causes of child labor
exploitation. It was not perfect. Life rarely is.
This shoe-shopping experience posed an ethical
dilemma for me because of some competing concerns. First,
I wanted my son to have personal choices, and not feel as
if his father was dictating what he could wear. Second,
I struggled with whether or not I had the right to impose
my worries and concerns about the ethical problems of the
world on my son. Third, I did not want to support people
who were being unethical.
During a recent conversation about ethics
with the Reverend Professor Peter Gomes of Harvard University
(see his interview), I found myself thinking about the way
I had handled this situation and the way I might address
ethical dilemmas in the future. Professor Gomes said that
people want to be good, but sometimes lack the courage to
act on their convictions. I think he's onto something.
Sometimes we are just lacking the conviction; and sometimes
we are not sure if something is "good" or not.
The parent's familiar remorse is, "What
could I have done differently?" As I have talked with
other parents about this issue and reflected on my actions,
I have become increasingly convinced that I could have handled
the situation better. Maybe I should have just said: "This
is what I believe in, but if you really want the shoes,
then I will get them for you." Maybe it would have
been better to inform David of my thoughts and concerns,
but then buy him the shoes if he still really wanted them.
I also realized—too late—that
I never asked David the reasons for his opinion. Perhaps
he knew the issues I was complaining about and didn't
care. Maybe he heard my arguments but sincerely disagreed.
The question remains: Is it my role to make decisions for
another human being (even if it is my son), or is it simply
to provide him with the information he needs to make his
own decisions? This is not an easy question. It is, in fact,
a dilemma that has been debated for centuries by parents
who want to raise their children to be ethical.
The everyday ethics of wealth do not apply
just to decisionmakers at Enron. They exist for each of
us individually. The everyday ethics of wealth force us
to take the time to ask ourselves, and those we live and
work with, basic questions. We need to talk about everyday
ethics in ways that are thoughtful, but not judgmental;
informative, but not prescriptive. It isn't easy.